After the Qing dynasty fell in 1912 and decades of war and revolution, the Communist Party under Mao Zedong founded the People’s Republic in 1949. Mao’s campaigns, including the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, caused immense suffering, and Deng Xiaoping’s market reforms from 1978 lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty. Under Xi Jinping since 2012, power has been centralized and China has become a rival of the United States.
Its current leader’s position on the ten Caucus dimensions.
Launched a sweeping anti-corruption campaign, removed presidential term limits in 2018 and pursued the Belt and Road Initiative and a more assertive foreign policy.
Xi Jinping sits in the left-authoritarian part of the Caucus economy and liberty compass: leaning state-led and strongly authoritarian. The clearest positions are strongly authoritarian on liberty and authority, strongly secular on religion and strongly tech-optimist on technology.
Full profile of Xi Jinping →Ranked by how close their current leaders are on the ten dimensions.
Country histories are short summaries. Positions are simplified estimates of the leaders included in Caucus as of October 2026, and percentages show how close two profiles are across all ten dimensions.
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